ТЕХНОЛОГИИ ВОЗДЕЛЫВАНИЯ ЭФФЕКТИВНОСТЬ ПОЖНИВНОГО ВОЗДЕЛЫВАНИЯ МАСЛИЧНОГО ЛЬНА В УСЛОВИЯХ ЮГА-ВОСТОКА КАЗАХСТАНА
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.52578/2305-9397-2023-3-2-82-93Ключевые слова:
покровная культура, орошаемое земледелие, плодородие почвы, технология возделывания, урожайностьАннотация
В данной статье приведены результаты полевых исследовании по подбору наиболее пригодных культур для основного и пожнивного возделывания в условиях орошения юго-востока Казахстана. В результате исследования выявлены наиболее пригодные культуры для основного и промежуточного пожнивного посева, определены оптимальные сроки и способы посева промежуточных пожнивных культур, выявлена роль промежуточных пожнивных культур в сохранении фитосанитарного состояния посевов. Наиболее пригодной культурой для возделывания в качестве основной покровной культурой является озимая пшеница, которая показала хорошую перезимовку, рост и развитие, формирование высокой продуктивности. Наибольшую продуктивность при хорошей скороспелости обеспечивал районированный сорт озимой пшеницы Стекловидная 24, который использован нами в качестве основной покровной культуры, после уборки которой высевали изучаемые пожнивные культуры. В условиях светло-каштановых почв юго-востока Казахстана формирование урожая пожнивных покровных культур во многом зависит как от применяемой агротехники, так от условий года возделывания. Гарантированный урожай товарной продукции при пожнивном посеве после озимой пшеницы обеспечивал масличный лен.
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