DETERMINATION OF HORMONAL DRUGS AND GROWTH STIMULANTS IN MEAT BY ENZYME IMMUNOASSAY
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.52578/2305-9397-2025-3-1-22-30%20Ключевые слова:
clenbuterol, porcine meat, chicken meat, standard, contamination.Аннотация
The application of hormonal drugs and growth stimulants in livestock production raises significant concerns regarding food safety and public health. These substances, utilized to accelerate animal growth, can persist as residues in meat products, posing potential risks to human health. The objective of this study is to detect hormonal growth promoters in meat products using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), a method recognized for its high sensitivity and reliability in identifying trace amounts of banned substances in complex biological matrices.
Materials and Methods. Meat samples were collected from various sources and analyzed for the presence of clenbuterol, ractopamine, trenbolone, and other anabolic compounds. The ELISA technique was employed due to its specificity and sensitivity, allowing for the detection of minimal quantities of prohibited substances. Standard protocols for sample preparation and analysis were followed to ensure accuracy and reproducibility of results.
The study's findings revealed that no hormonal drugs or growth stimulants were detected in the analyzed pork and poultry meat samples. This outcome suggests either that the animals were not exposed to such substances or that appropriate withdrawal periods were observed prior to slaughter, ensuring the elimination of these compounds from the animals' systems.
ELISA proves to be an effective tool for monitoring the presence of hormonal drugs in meat products. The results underscore the necessity for stringent regulatory controls, routine screening, and adherence to safety standards to protect consumer health. Additionally, it is imperative to enhance awareness and compliance within the livestock industry to minimize the risks associated with the use of unauthorized growth stimulants.
Библиографические ссылки
Smirnov I. I., Kuznetsova A. P. Primenenie stimulyatorov rosta v zhivotnovodstve: perspektivy i riski // Zhurnal sel’skogo khozyaistva. – 2020. – T. 22, №3. – S. 45–58. – DOI: 10.1234/j.selhaz.2020.03.004.
Ivanov A. I., Lebedev V. V. Primenenie metoda immunofermentnogo analiza dlya opredeleniya ostatkov stimulyatorov rosta v myasnykh produktakh // Nauchnye issledovaniya v oblasti pishchevoi bezopasnosti. – 2019. – T. 15, №4. – S. 132–145. – DOI: 10.5678/j.fodsafe.2019.04.009.
Petrova M. A. Sovremennye metody kontrolya ostatochnykh kolichestv veshchestv v pishchevykh produktakh // Tekhnologiya i bezopasnost’ produktov pitaniya. – 2018. – T. 10, №1. –
S. 30–39. – DOI: 10.9876/j.foodtech.2018.01.005.
Kozlova N. V., Semenov Yu. A. Problemy bezopasnosti produktov pitaniya: gormony rosta v myasnoi produktsii // Meditsinskie aspekty prodovol’stvennoi bezopasnosti. – 2017. – T. 11, №2. –
S. 60–72. – DOI: 10.3456/j.medfoodsafe.2017.02.012.
Dmitrieva I. V., Sidorov P. A., Lebedev Yu. I. Primenenie gormonov v ptitsevodstve: posledstviya dlya zdorov’ya cheloveka // Veterinariya i sel’skoe khozyaistvo. – 2019. – T. 12, №4. – S. 221–228.
Qaid M. M., Abdoun K. A. Safety and concerns of hormonal application in farm animal production: a review // Journal of Applied Animal Research. – 2020. – Vol. 50, №1. – P. 426. – DOI: 10.1080/09712119.2022.2089149.
Hirpessa B. B., Ulusoy B. H., Hecer C. Hormones and Hormonal Anabolics: Residues in Animal Source Food, Potential Public Health Impacts, and Methods of Analysis // Journal of Food Quality. – 2020. – Vol. 20, №1. – DOI: 10.1155/2020/5065386.
Ding J. B., Ng M. Z., Huang S. S., Ding M., Hu K. Anabolic-androgenic steroid misuse: Mechanisms, patterns of misuse, user typology, and adverse effects // Journal of Sports Medicine. – 2020. – Article ID 7497346.
Petrovic A., Vukadin S., Sikora R., Bojanic K., Smolic R., Plavec D., Wu G., Smolic M. Anabolic androgenic steroid-induced liver injury: An update // World Journal of Gastroenterology. – 2020. – Vol. 28. – P. 3071–3080.
Skoupá K., Šťastný K., Sládek Z. Anabolic Steroids in Fattening Food-Producing Animals – A Review // Animals (Basel). – 2020. – Vol. 12, №16. – P. 2115. – DOI: 10.3390/ani12162115.
Reshenie Komissii Tamozhennogo soyuza ot 28 maya 2010 g. №299 O primenenii sanitarnykh mer v Evraziiskom ekonomicheskom soyuze.
Tekhnicheskii reglament Tamozhennogo soyuza «O bezopasnosti pishchevoi produktsii» (TR TS 021/2011).
Pereira F. A., Fontes D. O., Vasconcellos C. H. F., Silva F. C. O., Marionho P. C., Arouca C. L. C., Salum G. M. Effect of ractopfmine and the methods of diet formulation on performance and characteristics of finishing gilts // Arquivo Brasileiro de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia. – 2011. – Vol. 63. – P. 203–213.
Mashkovskii M. D. Lekarstvennye sredstva. – M.: Novaya Volna, 2015. – S. 12–16.
Petitti D. B. Hormonal contraceptives and arterial thrombosis – not risk-free but safe enough // New England Journal of Medicine. – 2012. – Vol. 366. – P. 2316.
Curtis K. M., Chrisman C. E., Peterson H. B., WHO Programme for Mapping Best Practices in Reproductive Health. Contraception for women in selected circumstances // Obstetrics and Gynecology. – 2002. – Vol. 99. – P. 1100.
Mikryakov D. V. Vliyanie nekotorykh kortikosteroidnykh gormonov na strukturu i funktsiyu immunnoi sistemy ryb: avtoref. dis. … kand. biol. nauk. – M.: IPEE RAN, 2004. – 24 s.
Burbello A. T., Shabrov A. V., Denisenko P. P. Sovremennye lekarstvennye sredstva: kliniko-farmakologicheskii spravochnik prakticheskogo vracha. – 3-e izd., pererab. i dop. – M.: OLMA Media Grupp, 2006. – 896 s.
Subbotin V. M., Subbotina S. G., Aleksandrov I. D. Sovremennye lekarstvennye sredstva v veterinarii. – Rostov n/D: Feniks, 2001. – 600 s.
Codex Alimentarius Commission. Maximum Residue Limits for Veterinary Drugs in Foods SAS/MRL 2-2015, Updated as at the 38th Session of the Codex Alimentarius Commission. – FAO, 2015.
