VALIDATION OF ADCY8 GENE POLYMORPHISMS POTENTIALLY ASSOCIATED WITH MILK PRODUCTION IN MUGALZHAR HORSES USING PCR-RFLP
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.52578/2305-9397-2025-3-1-256-264Ключевые слова:
ADCY8 gene, Mugalzhar horse, milk yield, genomic selection.SNP, PCR-RFLP,Аннотация
Milk production is an economically important trait in horse breeding, yet its genetic basis remains insufficiently characterized, particularly in native breeds such as the Mugalzhar horse. In this study, we aimed to identify and validate novel single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) potentially associated with milk production traits in Mugalzhar horses. Whole-genome sequencing (WGS) was performed using the Illumina NovaSeq 6000 platform, generating high-quality paired-end reads (2×150 bp) with an average genome coverage of 15× across 40 individuals. Following quality filtering, 13,745,973 autosomal SNPs were retained for population-level analysis. Selection signatures were detected using the fixation index (F<sub>ST</sub>), and 480 breed-specific SNPs were identified, including polymorphisms within the ADCY8 gene—a candidate gene involved in estrogen signaling and mammary gland function. To validate selected SNPs, two loci within ADCY8—rs394220876 (A/G) and rs3446848968 (C/G, intronic)—were genotyped using the PCR-RFLP method. Both SNPs were found to be polymorphic in the sampled population, with distinct genotype patterns confirmed by gel electrophoresis. These findings support the utility of the PCR-RFLP system for SNP validation in horses and highlight ADCY8 as a promising candidate gene for further genomic studies targeting lactation performance. The validated markers offer potential for inclusion in marker-assisted selection programs aimed at improving milk productivity in Kazakh horse populations.
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